Economic growth of US, Australia and India Essays

Economic growth of US, Australia and India Essays Economic growth of US, Australia and India Essay Economic growth of US, Australia and India Essay In this report, the economic growth of Australia, USA and India is discussed. Economic growth is key factor to economic development. People of the nation are benefited when national Income grows. The Is no any scientific method of formula to measure the economic growth whereas the data, charts and other information can be helpful for strategy-makers to understand the countries economic positions and design a framework to guide for an effort toward development. Data are the retracts covering measures of economic growth, such as gross domestic product (GAP) and gross national Income (IN). They also have pointers representing elements known to be appropriate to economic growth, such as capital stock, employment, Investment, savings, consumption, government spending, Imports, and exports (The World Bank, 2014). GAP is one of the primary pointers to evaluate the economy of a country. GAP is the market value of goods and services produced by property and labor in a country in a given period of time regardless of nationality (The statistics Portal, 2014). Normally, it is calculated on an annual basis and includes all public and private consumption, government expenditure, Investments, and net exports. The Gross Domestic Product Is primary pointers in measuring a countrys standard of living. In addition, Real GAP Is a key Indicator to measure economic growth since it is a measurement that takes prices changes into consideration (The statistics Portal, 2014). Real shows the changes in the value of the national currency, known as inflation and deflation, which allows for the evaluation of a countrys annual GAP over a longer period of time (I. E. Years or decades). Glance on Economic Growth comparison between Australia, USA India AUSTRALIA The Australian economy has experienced continuous growth and features low unemployment, contained inflation, very less public debt, and a strong and stable continued economic growth, averaging 3. 5% year. Call for resources and energy from China and other Asian countries has rapidly grown, forming a good space for investments and growth in product exports. As Australian dollar is high and has hurt mainly manufacturing sector, on the other hand services sector covered largely in Australian economy, roughly about 70% of GAP and 75% of Jobs. Agriculture contributes 4% of GAP and Industry has a share of 27. 3% in GAP (The Statistics Portal Australia, 2014). Australia was one of the reasonably unaffected countries by the global financial crisis where the banking system was strength to keep inflation under control. Similarly, Australia is making a remarkable rise foreign trade with rising global product prices. Strength of Australia can be taken as an exporter of natural resources (mine), energy (coal), and food (agriculture). Australias rich and diverse natural resources fascinate global investment in high level. Major investments are in AOL, iron, copper, gold, natural gas, uranium, and renewable energy sources. Continuous and major investments, apron. IIS$40 billion Gorgon Liquid Natural Gas project, meaningfully expand this sector. Australia considered to be an open market with fewer restrictions on trade of goods and services has enormously increased productivity, enthused growth, has made the economy significantly flexible and dynamic. Australia has mutual free trade treaties with Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, Thailand, and US. It also has very warm relation with commonwealth countries and exchanging agreements with China, India, Indonesia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea, which are near and contributing countries in Economic growth. Australias economy is well developed and is currently ranked 13th in a GAP-based ranking of the worlds largest economies according to (Investigated, 2014). The International Monetary Fund estimates Australias 2010 GAP at 1. 22 trillion U. S. Dollars. Australias economy has been rising progressively at around 3%/annum for the last two decades. Australia has managed to maintain a positive GAP growth rate during the global financial recess, where almost the entire worlds biggest economies fallen into financial crises. However Australias unemployment rate was lightly increased during that period, still being stable at a reasonable rate of 5. 2% in 2010 in a comparison to 9. 6% of United States (Monasteries, 2014). Australia slowly accelerates the pace of its economic growth in the coming years. Survey shows that the GAP of Australia grew by 2. % in 2013 which consistent with last years growth rate and is forefront in developed economies. (Gestures, E. 2014) Record low interest rates finally make impacts on Australias economy. Because of low interest, it boosted house prices and household wealth, and stimulate the recovery of housing instruction and consumer spending. (Heath, M. 2014) The fast population growth enhanced the speed of GAP (more input of labors means more outputs). However, there is no evidence illustrate that it improves the per capita GAP of Australia. In fact, since 2007, there is little growth in per capita GAP. In other words, although it brings economic growth, the existing national welfare has not been improved. (Cowmen, T. 2008) USA USA being a largest and economically powerful country in the world is technically privately owned where state or federal government are the buyers of this private market. Its per capita GAP is $49800 according to Monasteries (2014). More flexible market than other European nations and Japan, for expansion, investments, and development of new product are its strength. Major strength of USA are technology, computers in Medical science, aerospace, service business, military technology has shrunken but still they rule the top most position with its gradual and steady growth. However the pay rise is always an issue in USA. Basic household income, house prices, oil prices and dividends are increased faster than expected, as a result closing down of business hiked between 2006 and 2008. The closure of business and banks started an economic crisis as falling home prices, tight credit, investment failures which further pushed down into recession by 2008. Along with GAP was unbelievably the deepest low and stayed for longest. US congress planned to form a trust with $700 Billion fund (TARP) to buy equity in US banks, and industries which gave quick return y 2011. Obama Government with previous body, agreed to add $787 billion for economy recovery, creating Jobs over 10 years (Monasteries, 2014). After the military action called off from Iraq and Afghanistan and around the world, added mom value in economic growth. With visionary strategy of Federal Reserve board aided good achievement which, as a result showed a positive effect in unemployment decrease. Though some major issues like benefits for lower-income families, insufficient investment in weakening infrastructure, fast rising medical and pension costs, energy crisis, and budget shortages including significant budget shortages for state governments has to be addressed to take a leap in economic growth in future. INDIA India is considered to be new open and fast growing market in the world after China. Prevarication in state owned enterprises, private investments in major industries, liberal measures in industry and good control over foreign trade starts two decades before accelerated the countrys economic growth. Diversity in economy incorporates traditional farming and agriculture, handicrafts, modern industries (mainly IT and telecommunication), where agriculture has highest work force however services is the major source of economic growth. India has made its English speaking well educated population as strength forming major source of Business outsourcing in IT (software) and Accounting (The Statistics Portal India, 2014). India roost these two major industries by 2010, however slowing down were in 2011 as government decreased its investments due to global crisis. This leaded to worsening in economy but from 2012, Indian government formed major strategy focusing on major population which is young, well-educated and visionary. Taking this as an advantage direct investments plans, global business integration, low dependency ratio, high savings played a vital role to accelerate the economy to new direction. India being an autocratic system in past now started working in root level addressing some prominent issues and halogens like, corruption, violence, poverty, discrimination against girls, family health are still in progress. Furthermore if higher enforcement in transport, higher education, infrastructure development, internal migration, non-agricultural based workforce is addressed the future has very wide range of development. Economic Growth Australia was comparatively least affected by the 2008 Recession as the inflation is under control and the banking system has remained strong (Index Mind 2014). It reached 2. 49 and 1. 37 per cent growth rates in terms of real GAP in 2008 and 2009 especially, comparing to USA where its growth rate plummeted down to negative values.. The contributions of Australias economic growth are profusion of raw materials, the Australian mining success, high commodity prices and large exports to developing countries like China (The statistics Portal, 2014). Down Under is an open market with fewer restrictions on imports of goods and services. This has increased stimulated growth, productivity, and made the economy more dynamic and flexible. The country plays an important role in the World Trade Organization, the 620, APACE, ND other trade forums The National Accounts and the Bureau of Statistics show Australias economy grew by 3. Per cent over the current year to March. Craig James, Comes chief economist, pointed out that the country is it its 23rd consecutive year of economic growth this year, that the Australian economy is doing very well. The economy grows above its normal pace because of interest rates are at historic lows, inflation is under control, exports, productivity is strong and home constructions and, 2014). Th is line graph shows the growth of GAP in Australia from 1999 to 2011. This graph shows the growth rate of Australias real GAP from 2003 to 2013. Source: wry. Satanist. Com GAP: $1. 5 trillion on 2013) United States of Americas Economic Growth USA has the worlds largest single economy. It has most diversified and advanced economies in the world.. It has a stable GAP growth rate and high levels of capital investment. Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, leasing, health care, social assistance, professional, business and educational services account for more than 40% of GAP. Retail and wholesale trade have a share of 12%. Government related services contribute 13% of GAP. Utilities, transportation and warehousing and information account for 10% of the GAP. Manufacturing, mining, and construction constitute 17% and Agriculture accounts for only 1. 5% of the GAP, yet due to use of advance technologies, the United States is a net exporter of food (Trading Economics, 2014). United States faced worst recession in 2008 wherein GAP fell by 5% in a year. It was caused by the supreme mortgage crisis, derivatives market and declining dollar value (Boundless, 2014). In 2012, the real GAP increased by 2. 8%. The slowing government expenditure and a decline in exports that were partly offset by the cline of imports and hastening in non-residential fixed investments (The Statistics portal, 2014). This graph shows the Growth of GAP from 2006 to 2014. In 2009, the GAP was recorded as negative. Source: wry. Satanist. Com GAP : $16. 6 trillion on 2013) and $17. 23 trillion ( in 2014) Indians Economic Growth Even with the world-wide recession in 2008 and 2009, India still succeeded to record remarkable GAP growth rates, especially when most of the countries noted negative growth. Indians workforce is expanding in the industry and services sectors and the agriculture sector in India is still a global power. According to Indians Planning Commission, rapid economic growth has resulted in decline in the poverty rate from 37. 2% in 2005 to 29. 8% in 2010. Per capita income doubled during these five years. Internationally, India has also become an important actor. Forming the I in the BRICKS group of nations, India plays a very important part in the leadership of the emerging markets and developing nations. In 2010, a growth of 8% was seen in Indian economy; however, it started declining in 2011 because of waning of investment caused by investor pessimism about the economic reforms of the government and global situation (Index mind, 2014). In late 2012, Indian Government announced reforms and measures to reverse Indians slowdown, which included higher levels of direct foreign investment in the economy. The outlook for Indians growth is positive because of young population and comparative low dependency ratio, increasing integration into the global economy, and healthy savings and investment rates. Indians growth strategy actually holds lessons for developing nations. Recent years have witnessed a shift of economic power and attention to strengthening economies of BRICE countries. The growth rate of GAP in these countries is larger than in rotationally strong economies like United States of America. This line graph shows the growth of GAP from 1999 to 2011. This graph shows the Real growth rate from 2004 to 2014. It is evident that it was growing till 2007, then experienced a decline in 2008-09 and again rose in 2010. After 2012, because of the reforms and measures taken by government, the economy is now growing. Source: wry. Satanist. Com GAP : $1. 87 trillion( 2013) Effects of Economic Growth on the Society in Australia, USA and India Economic broad paths, each business cycles display all the phases of cycle, its characteristic fifer from one to another cycle. Benefits of the economic growth: Higher real income per capita living standard can be realized due to increase in productivity resource used. Higher real income raises the purchasing power thus living standard through improvement in material welfare. Higher level of the economic growth encourages higher level of saving. Higher level of economic growths tend in leading to increase level of productivity technological progresses since resource are been used efficiently as producer cut costs innovate with rising demands for goods services. Higher rate economic growth which result in employment creations falling unemployment level also lead to higher income for previously unemployed. The Growth can create many opportunities for the underemployed worker. Economic growth, that generate higher GAP, leads to increase in taxation revenues for government. Government use taxation revenues to provide economic social infrastructure to fund social security systems for provision of the welfare payment. Higher level of the economic growth may contribute new business investments. New investments opportunities in the source projects capital equipment may results from the higher sustain economic growth. It involves increase in real outputs, which may export. Export incomes can be used in financing imports of the capital consumer item. The gain from trades includes higher living standard. A nation that high rate of the economic growth more likely as to able in reducing extent of the absolute povertys. Economic growth permit improvements in the social welfare including: Benefit to personal lifestyle from the greater real incomes. Reduction in the class hostility. More leisure time workers can trade off as for the extra work in income rise. It enables Australian to use the leisure time, develop new industries. United States of America United States has the most technologically and diversified advanced economy in todays world. Insurance, Finance, rental, real estate, leasing, social assistance, health care, professional, educational business services accounts for much more than 40% of GAP. Wholesale and Retail trade create another 12% of wealth. The governments related service fuel 13% of GAP. Transportation,utilities and warehousing for 10% of GAP. Mining, Manufacturing and construction constitutes% of the outputs. Gordon, 1998) Agriculture account for 1. 5% of GAP, due to the use of the advance technologies, United States is net exporters of food. United State GAP minimize / shrank at annual rate 1. 0% in first quarter(2014), According to second estimate by commerce Department In these three years it was the worst performance estimated 0. 1%. This happened due to sharp fall in the inventory investment biggest trade deficit. Therefore downturn in percent changes in GAP primarily is reflected downturn in the fixed investments in the state local governments spending were partly offset and upturn in the spending of federal government. (Gordon, 1998) Society is divided into 3 parts. 1 . The Wealthy Mostly rely on the domestic help as for shopping grocery, buy all kind of staples prefer in buying fresh vegetables food locally from small grocers vendors, other product from the general merchant. 2. The Poor Purchase basic staples on first day every month other staple they can afford daily later purchase more merchandises on the credit. Single use package sales are frequent. 3. The Middlemans Divide purchasing habit and majority shop on own at their favorite coal shops where concern about quality of lower priced product were critical. The concern of increasing gap between the rich the poor is shown in shopping habits. The outlooks for food retails landscape is also increasing daily and it restrict people of the lower classes to afford accept changes brought through globalization. There are positive negative aspect to India economic trade policies in global markets. The gap in between the riches the poorer in nation is been seen to expand significantly since the new economic initiative open new global market, specifically in food retails industry. So At same time, the political changes had hampered sum international corporate effort within domestic sphere which traditionally protected from the foreign interest. India is also seen to realize its potential as in global economy and in term of growth, and there is some gap in between reality and potential. Many people still within out of Indian government predicts that rates of the economic financial growth will improve in the future eventually rises number of individual who can also be considered as the potentials in helping the growth of food retails landscapes of India. Conclusion Australia, USA and India have their own strengths that help them grow economically. Sectors like services, agriculture, finance and manufacturing give a big impact on the growth of a countrys economy. But in a business cycle where there is a financial crisis or recession, there are countries like Australia and India that displays their stability and are less impacted with the crisis. And with the ups and downs of the economy, the people in the society are the one who are greatly affected. To minimize the negative impact of such crises, a country should prepare very well based on satirical records of their economy.

Senator Robert Byrd and the Ku Klux Klan

Senator Robert Byrd and the Ku Klux Klan During the early 1940s, Robert Byrd of West Virginia was a high-ranking member of the Ku Klux Klan. From 1952 to 2010, the same Robert Byrd of West Virginia served in the United States Congress and eventually won the praises of civil rights advocates. How did he do that? The Robert Byrd of Congress Born in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina, on Nov. 20, 1917, Robert Carlyle Byrd was orphaned at age 1 after the death of his mother. Raised by his aunt and uncle in a rural West Virginia coal mining town, Byrd credited his experiences growing up in a coal-mining family with shaping his amazing political career. The legendary congressional career of Robert â€Å"Bob† Byrd began on November 4, 1952, when the people of West Virginia elected him to his first term in the U.S. House of Representatives. A New Deal Democrat, Byrd served six years in the House before being elected to the U.S. Senate in 1958. He would continue to serve in the Senate for the next 51 years, until his death at age 92 on June 28, 2010. With a total 57 years on Capitol Hill, Byrd was the longest-serving Senator in United States history and, at the time of his death, the longest-serving member in the history of the U.S. Congress. Byrd was the last member of the Senate to have served during the Dwight Eisenhower presidency and the last member of Congress to have served during the presidency of Harry Truman. He also held the distinction of being the only West Virginian to have served in both houses of the state’s legislature and in both chambers of the U.S. Congress. As one of the Senate’s most powerful members, Byrd served as secretary of the Senate Democratic Caucus from 1967 to 1971 and as Senate Majority Whip from 1971 to 1977. Over the next 33 years, he would hold leadership positions including Senate Majority Leader, Senate Minority Leader, and President pro tempore of the Senate. In four separate terms as President pro tempore, Byrd stood third in the line of presidential succession, after the Vice President and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Along with his lengthy tenure, Byrd was known for his vast array of political skills, his often fierce advocacy for the supremacy of the legislative branch, and his ability to secure federal funds for the State of West Virginia. Byrd Joins then Leaves the Ku Klux Klan Working as a butcher in the early 1940s, a young Robert Byrd formed a new chapter of the Ku Klux Klan in Sophia, West Virginia. In his 2005 book, Robert C. Byrd: Child of the Appalachian Coalfields, Byrd recalled how his ability to quickly recruit 150 of his friends to the group impressed a top Klan official who told him, â€Å"You have a talent for leadership, Bob ... The country needs young men like you in the leadership of the nation.† Byrd later recalled, Suddenly lights flashed in my mind! Someone important had recognized my abilities!† Byrd led the growing chapter and was eventually elected Exalted Cyclops of the local Klan unit. In a 1944 letter to segregationist Mississippi Senator Theodore G. Bilbo, Byrd wrote, â€Å"I shall never fight in the armed forces with a Negro by my side. Rather I should die a thousand times, and see Old Glory trampled in the dirt never to rise again than to see this beloved land of ours become degraded by race mongrels, a throwback to the blackest specimen from the wilds.† As late as 1946, Byrd wrote to the Klan’s Grand Wizard stating, â€Å"The Klan is needed today as never before, and I am anxious to see its rebirth here in West Virginia and in every state in the nation.† However, Byrd would soon see fit to put the Klan far behind him. Running for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1952, Byrd said of the Klan, â€Å"After about a year, I became disinterested, quit paying my dues, and dropped my membership in the organization. During the nine years that have followed, I have never been interested in the Klan.† Byrd said he had initially joined the Klan for the â€Å"excitement† and because the organization was opposed to communism. In interviews with The Wall Street Journal and Slate magazine held in 2002 and 2008, Byrd called joining the Klan â€Å"the greatest mistake I ever made.† To young people interested in becoming involved in politics, Byrd warned, â€Å"Be sure you avoid the Ku Klux Klan. Dont get that albatross around your neck. Once youve made that mistake, you inhibit your operations in the political arena.† In his autobiography, Byrd wrote that he had become a KKK member because he â€Å"was sorely afflicted with tunnel vision a jejune and immature outlook seeing only what I wanted to see because I thought the Klan could provide an outlet for my talents and ambitions,† adding, â€Å"I know now I was wrong. Intolerance had no place in America. I apologized a thousand times ... and I dont mind apologizing over and over again. I cant erase what happened †¦ it has emerged throughout my life to haunt and embarrass me and has taught me in a very graphic way what one major mistake can do to one’s life, career, and reputation.† Byrd on Racial Integration: A Change of Mind In 1964, Senator Robert Byrd led a filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He also opposed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, as well as most of the anti-poverty programs of President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society initiative. In the debate against anti-poverty legislation, Byrd stated, â€Å"we can take the people out of the slums, but we cannot take the slums out of the people.† But time and politics can change minds. While he first voted against civil rights legislation, Byrd would later hire one of the first black congressional aides on Capitol Hill in 1959 and initiate the racial integration of the United States Capitol Police for the first time since Reconstruction. The 1970’s saw a complete reversal in Sen. Byrd’s former stance against racial integration. In 1993, Byrd told CNN that he had regretted his filibuster and vote against the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and would take them back if he could. In 2006, Byrd told CSPAN that the death of his teenage grandson in a 1982 traffic accident had radically changed his views. â€Å"The death of my grandson caused me to stop and think,† he said, explaining that event made him realize that African-Americans loved their children as much as he loved his own. While some of his fellow conservative Democrats opposed the 1983 bill creating the Martin Luther King Jr. Day national holiday, Byrd recognized the importance of the day to his legacy, telling his staff, â€Å"I am the only one in the Senate who must vote for this bill.† However, Byrd was the lone Senator to  vote against the confirmations of Thurgood Marshall and Clarence Thomas, the only two African-Americans nominated to the United States Supreme Court. In opposing the 1967 confirmation of Marshall, Byrd cited his suspicion that Marshall had ties to communists or the communist party. In the case of Clarence Thomas in 1991, Byrd stated that he had been â€Å"offended by the injection of racism† into the hearings when Thomas called opposition to his confirmation a form of â€Å"high-tech lynching of uppity blacks.† Byrd called Marshall’s comment a â€Å"diversionary tactic,† adding â€Å"I thought we were past that stage.† Byrd also supported Anita Hill in her accusations of sexual harassment by Thomas and was joined by 45 other Democrats in voting against Thomas’ confirmation. When interviewed by Tony Snow of FOX News on March 4, 2001, Byrd said of racial relations, â€Å"Theyre much, much better than theyve ever been in my lifetime †¦ I think we talk about race too much. I think those problems are largely behind us ... I just think we talk so much about it that we help to create somewhat of an illusion. I think we try to have good will. My old mom told me, Robert, you cant go to heaven if you hate anybody. We practice that.† NAACP Praises Byrd In the end, the political legacy of Robert Byrd went from admitting his former membership in the Ku Klux Klan to winning the accolades of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). For the 2003–2004 session of Congress, Byrd was one of only 16 Senators rated by the NAACP as being 100% in line with the group’s position on critical legislation. In June 2005, Byrd sponsored a successful bill dedicating an additional $10,000,000 in federal funding for the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial in Washington, D.C., remarking that â€Å"With the passage of time, we have come to learn that his Dream was the American Dream, and few ever expressed it more eloquently.† When Byrd died at age 92 on June 28, 2010, the NAACP released a statement saying that over the course of his life he â€Å"became a champion for civil rights and liberties† and â€Å"came to consistently support the NAACP civil rights agenda.†Ã‚   Robert C. Byrd Biographical Fast Facts Full Name: Robert Carlyle Byrd (born Cornelius Calvin Sale Jr.)Known for: - American politician - Longest serving member of U.S. Senate in American history (over 51 years)Born:   November 20, 1917, in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina,Died: June 28, 2010 (at age 92), in Merrifield, VirginiaParents: Cornelius Calvin Sale Sr. and Ada Mae (Kirby)Education:- Beckley College- Concord University- University of Charleston- Marshall University (BA)- George Washington University - American University (Juris Doctor)Major Published Writings - 2004. â€Å"Losing America: Confronting A Reckless and Arrogant Presidency.† ISBN 0-393-05942-1.- 2004. â€Å"We Stand Passively Mute: Senator Robert C. Byrds Iraq Speeches.† ISBN 0-9755749-0-6.- 2005. â€Å"Robert C. Byrd: Child of the Appalachian Coalfields.† ISBN 1-933202-00-9.- 2008. â€Å"Letter to a New President: Commonsense Lessons for Our Next Leader.† ISBN 0-312-38302-9.Wife: Erma JamesChildren: Daughters Mona Byrd Fa temi and Marjorie Byrd MooreNotable Quotation: â€Å"Ones family is the most important thing in life. I look at it this way: One of these days Ill be over in a hospital somewhere with four walls around me. And the only people wholl be with me will be my family.† References Byrd, Robert C. (2005). Robert C. Byrd: Child of the Appalachian Coalfields. Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University Press. Pianin, Eric. A Senators Shame: Byrd, in His New Book, Again Confronts Early Ties to KKK. The Washington Post, June 18, 2005 King, Colbert I.: Sen. Byrd: The view from Darrells barbershop. The Washington Post, March 2, 2002 What About Byrd?. Slate. December 18, 2002 The Democrats Lott. The Wall Street Journal. December 12, 2008. Draper, Robert (July 31, 2008). Old as the Hill. GQ. New York, NY. â€Å"Sen. Robert Byrd Discusses His Past and Present†, Inside Politics, CNN, December 20, 1993 Johnson, Scott. Saying Goodbye to a Great One, Weekly Standard, June 1, 2005 Byrd, Robert. Robert Byrd Speaks Out Against the Appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court. American Voices, October 14, 1991. NAACP Mourns the Passing of U.S. Senator Robert Byrd. â€Å"Press Room. www.naacp.org., July 7, 2010

Care of the Child within Accident and Emergency Case Study

Care of the Child within Accident and Emergency - Case Study Example The child whose care I am going to critically reflect on is a child with meningitis. This was a 2-year-old child who presented to the Accident and Emergency accompanied by anxious mother. This was a male child who presented to the A and E with loss of consciousness at home that was preceded by vomiting. This child was diagnosed to be a case of bacterial meningitis and I had to deliver care in the A and E. Milestones and Development: Obviously many children with the age group that I am going to discuss presented with different diagnoses during my placement in the Accident and Emergency, and milestones and development from both physiological and psychological perspectives have implications in diagnosis and management of these children. To discern an aberration, it is important that an overview of the normal milestones is done. Children accomplish maturation of different biological functions at an anticipated age with a margin of few months on the either side. Ideally, assessment of behavioural development should be interpreted from the time of appearance of definite skills while giving due considerations to environmental and social factors besides the stress of the actual clinical situation. In the phase between 2-3 years, the height increases further with 2.3 kg weight gain per year until the age of 5 years, and at the age of 2.5 years has a full set of 20 baby teeth (Rasen, D.S., 200 4). Psychosocial Milestones: Psychosocially, negativism grows out of child's sense of developing independence and says "no" to every command. Ritualism is important to toddler for security. Temper tantrums may result from toddler's frustration in wanting to do everything for self. The child shows parallel play as well as begins interaction with others and engages in associative play. Fears become pronounced, and the child continues to react to separation from parents but shows increasing ability to handle short periods of separation. The child has daytime bladder control and begins to develop nighttime bladder control. The child becomes more independent and begins to identify sex (gender) roles. The child explores environment outside the home and can create different ways of getting desired outcome (Parker, S., & Zuckerman, B., 1995). Child in the Accident and Emergency: The primary concerns of this age group that is relevant to the care that I delivered are many. These include "separation anxiety" relationship with mother is intense. Separation represents the loss of family and familiar surroundings, resulting in feelings of insecurity, grief, anxiety, and abandonment. The toddler's emotional needs are intensified by the parents' absence. Presence and treatment in the hospital or A anb E would mean changes in rituals and routines, all of which are important to sense of security, become a source of concern. In this age group, the child has limited capacity to understand reality and passage of time. There is inability to communicate and understanding of language and this affords the child limited communication between self and the world. Moreover while being investigated, examined, or treated, this represents to him loss of autonomy and independence. The child sees self as a separate being with some potential contr ol

Property Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Property Law - Essay Example However, in due course the differentiation between a will and a testament has become thin, and people use the term, will, to refer to a statement that both disposes of both personal property and real property. In the event an individual dies without drafting a will, the state proceeds to distribute the person’s estate in accordance with the laws of Descent and Distribution of the person’s stateii. The significance of a will is diverse from the fact that it gives the drafter a chance to choose the people who will be heirs to his property. It also allows the testator to decide the people who will execute their estate, and using fairness in distributing their wealth, in place of the court appointing a stranger to allocate the estate to the family. Another importance of a will is the fact that the testator can protect the interests of the people close to him, and those of his children in choosing who their guardian would be in the event of the testator’s death. When writing a will the law requires the testator give information as to who will take care of their children incase the stated guard dies before the execution of the will. This may include the other benefactors of the will in the event they die before the execution of the will. ... Requirements for a Will to be Valid The first requirement is that the testator, the person making the will must declare himself as the testator and that he revokes any previous will either express or impliediii. The person should also have the mental capacity to make a valid will at the time of drafting of the will. The person making the will to be accepted by the law as making a valid will through mental capability must be at least 18 years and above, bar for any exceptions provided for by law. Another indication of whether the person has the capacity to make a valid will is that they ought to be of sound mind, understanding, and memory. This is to mean that the person ought to be aware of what they are writing and its implications. It is essential to note that the Mental Capacity Act of 2005 does not have provisions for invalidating a will; that has already been prepared by an individual of unsound mind. There is normally the assumption of intention, in that if a will is validly ex ecuted and the person is of sound mind during the process of execution. This is the third requirement of a valid will; that the testator must have an intention to dispose of their properly as per the will upon the testator’s death. The third requirement is that there should be no traces of undue influence, force and/or fraud. If the court can establish that the testator was either pressured into making the will, or if the execution of the will was through fraudulent means, then it may set aside part of the will, or will in its entiretyiv. It is mandatory for the testator to sign the will or have someone sign it for them; the will must not be necessarily in writing. In most

Research Method for Computing & Technology Essay Example for Free

Research Method for Computing Technology Essay 2.0 Introduction Nowadays, people prefer to look information online instead of looking at catalogue or books. For example, woman would prefer to look for sales event online instead of looking at the catalogue that delivers to the house. Not all of the household will get the mails for promotion of the month because some postman will throw the mails away as these cases had already happened according to The Star news on Sunday, 21st of July 2013. This website is proposed for user to shop and enjoy shopping easily. The main purpose of this website is to provide the information of the malls in Malaysia. The information includes sales event, performance organize by third party or particular mall, the mall map etc. There are few similar websites like www.midvalley.com.my , www.onestopmalaysia.com and www.offerstation.com. These websites only show either their own particular mall information only or sales promotion only. This website is a combine and improve version of these existing websites as there are many improvements are needed for it. Besides, it will include social function like allowing user to post comment or sharing status by using Facebook account at the sales event area so that others can read and up to date anytime instead of go to the location personally to check out the event as not people now spend most of the time working and rest at home after that. Other than that, user can check out the mall map as well so they could able to know whether the store they looking for exist in the mall. The details of the store include the location of the store in the mall, store’s telephone number and brief explanation of the store. The picture of the store entrance and the shop sign will be provided too. In conclusion, this website will act as a shopping and event guide that allow shoppers to shop smart and save on time. 3.0 Project Background I got this idea to create the website while I am looking for promotion online. There are many similar websites but the information are not complete. One of the example is user cannot post comment for the particular event which I always wanted to know what is going on the event or how is the  atmosphere there. I always hope that there is a photo sharing function under the event post. This proposed system is created for user to shop easily and hunt for sales event easily. Many people do not know when the sales will be but once they browse this website, they could easily get the information they want. As well as they have some inquiry about products or others, they may just give them a call by searching the phone number from the website. This proposed website basically act as a shopping guide for user by showing all the related information. There are some difficulties while deciding the structure of the proposed website. My idea was providing information but I was told that my course is Web Media Technology. Hence, I should include multimedia or social network. Then, I have change my idea from only information to posting up event poster, flash banner etc. User can as well as connect with Facebook and post comment at certain area. 4.0 Problem Statement The common problems that faced by shoppers are where is the location, what is the operating hours, how is the atmosphere there, what promotion is going on etc. They will spend some time to search for the information and reconsider whether it is worth to go. 4.1 Problem Description This proposed website will include information that is needed by shoppers. For instance, shopper might take some time to walk around the mall when they are not familiar with it. With this website, it could become a guide for them so they do not need to waste time walking around the mall and might end up with nothing. Besides, the information like telephone number is useful too. Shoppers do not need to worry when they face any problems about the stuffs they bought. They can just call to the store for inquiry just by only browsing this website. 5.0 Project Aim To provide users every useful information in malls. 6.0 Objective To allow users to look for the information in each mall within Malaysia. To help users to save time on shopping and shop smartly. To give more information on the events which will hold in the mall. To share the tips about the event which is going on. To provide the floor plan to user and assist them to shop. 7.0 Research Question 1. How social networks are useful for website? 2. What kind of information will be show in website? 3. What are the guidelines to help shoppers to shop easily? 4. Can the store’s telephone number be found on other websites? 5. Which methodology is suitable for this proposed project? 6. How long will it takes to develop this website? 7. Which software tools are needed to develop this website? 8. What are the functions of the software? 8.0 Project Development Plan 8.1 Domain Design The major information of my project is about shopping malls in Malaysia while the minor area is allowing social network user to post comment for the event, which will be showed if there is. My targeted domains for this project are local residents, travellers and shopaholics. One of the similar website is One Stop Malaysia. This website contains most of the information of Malaysia which are like foods, education, travel guide etc. For instance, their travel guide blog post allows visitor to post comment. The comment area is embedded with Blogspot while for my project, I will allow Facebook user to connect for posting comment so that they do not need to create account or fill in their particular details just to post a comment. To sum up this, my project contains most of the shopping information such  as malls location, sales event, performance event and so on. Visitors can post comment for the sales event. Therefore, the others can take the comment as reference. Comment like â€Å"left only big sizes† might help those who are petites, so they do not need to waste time and petrol to head over the sales event location after their working hours. This feature is specially made for visitor to share their experience or status about their shopping trip. Visitors can also share the useful tips at the comment area. Other than that, visitors also can have other information from the website such as the malls information. For example, visitor can look for the particular store location from the website. It will show the exact floor and the store telephone number as these information cannot be easily search. 8.2 Technical Design Now days, there are a lot of software development methodology such as SDLC (system development life cycle), Rapid Application Development (RAD), Agile Methodology and others. I will choose Prototyping Methodology for this project as Prototyping has more benefits for a web-based system as it is more suitable for system develop by website. Prototyping methodology is usually used for system that tends to be modified during the development of the system. By using this type of methodology, the development of it will definitely get a higher user satisfaction results because the errors are fixed when it is found during the development process. This action can actually lower down the percentage risk of failure. This methodology required to collect feedbacks from user. This could exposes developers to potential future system enhancements because they know and gained the problems feedbacks as well as bad comment. Next, the tools that I will be using for development of this project are Adobe Dreamweaver, Adobe Flash and Adobe Photoshop. All this software functions are taught by my lecturers. Therefore, I am familiar with the functions and feature from the software. I will be coding and designing the layout of the project by using Adobe Dreamweaver. It is a website development tools which has most of the features. While Adobe Photoshop is an editing software for photos and pictures. I will be using it for Posters  editing. Last but not least, Adobe Flash is for creating the banners for advertisement or greetings. I will be using it to make my project more interesting. 9.0 Data Collection Plan 9.1 Primary Data Collection Focus group would be good for carrying out the primary data collection for user requirement of the website. This technique requires a group of people that met the requirement and fulfill the criteria which is related to shopping in order to carry out a good research. These participants are required to spend some time for a short survey. This is to find out what real consumers think and what they feel according to the questions asked. After that, participants will gather around the table and start discussing some topics and provide a range or views. Participants should express their own emotions and feelings honestly and openly as the answers are all private and kept confidential. Next, the questionnaire is also an ideal technique to perform quantitative and qualitative research. This is an inexpensive way as it does not cost too much and it saves a lot of time. The questionnaires can be distribute at shopping malls and collect from shoppers after they are done for it. By showing the appreciation, a small gift like discount vouchers could be given to the shoppers and it is also a way to attract shoppers to do the questionnaire. Focus Group Discussion 1. What function do you need in malls guide and promotion website? Explain why do you need that? 2. If this website is build, how often will you browse it? 3. What kind of information do you wish to see in this website? 4. Which is your ideal similar website now? Explain why? 9.2 Secondary Data Collection There are few sources for secondary data like books, journals, website, newspaper etc. People now do more reading on internet as most of the  information can search through there. Researcher can actually read or reference the work in website to get some inspiration there. Example websites are offerstation.com, midvalley.com.my and etc. 10.0 Personal Reflection Limitations and challenges are the problems that researcher will meet during the development. Researcher has not much knowledge on building a functional website. Thus, this will be affecting process. Researcher has to look and understand the coding from websites or other projects that are done by expertise, as the information could be helpful. Studying the code and understanding them has become a challenge for me in order to complete the proposed system because I have not done any website which is linked to social networks like Facebook and Twitter. This feature requires special coding to embed them to the website. I will have to reference the other websites that has similar function. Lastly, different browsers like Firefox, Safari, Google Chrome, Opera and others have their own technical issues and structures when browsing websites. This will take some time to test the proposed website in each browser and check the problems occur. As mentioned, there are many different browsers but Google Chrome is the most common browser in market. Thus, I have choose Google Chrome for the ideal choice to build this proposed website. 11.0 Conclusion In conclusion, this proposed website is proposed to help users on shopping. There are few similar website but they have not much information. I have jotted down all the useful information which gather from other websites and will apply them to this proposed system as an enhancement. 12.0 References 1. BEH, Y. H. 2013. Thousands of undelivered mail dumped in leafy Ukay Heights ravine. [online] 21st of July. Available at: http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2013/07/21/Postmans-service-goes-downhi

The History of Guns in America Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Pa

The History of Guns in America What is the importance of the gun? The gun is one of the most important tools in the defense of our nation. Guns are responsible for a lot of death and injuries, but these things were going on before the existence of the gun. Guns aren't the reason for the death and injuries, they are just a means to it. They are tools and an engineering marvel of our age. The gun has evolved from a simple weapon that caused limited destruction to the modern gun that is so fast and powerful it is capable of mass destruction. Through the evolution of the gun, it has become a political tool. The first guns used in America were a simple machine where the person did most of the work. The user measured and put the powder down the barrel of the gun. Next some shotgun pellets were put in the same way. This was then all compacted and the gun was ready to fire. This reloading took over a minute before each shot could be fired and the guns weren't very accurate by today's standards. If too much powder was used then the gun could explode or if the powder were wet then the gun wouldn't fire. One of inventions during the Revolutionary War was a way to reload faster. The powder was already pre-measured and kept in little sacks. This made reloading faster because the user no longer had to measure the powder between each reloading. These guns were crude but in that day was a powerful modern invention that was considered very useful. The American Revolution was a political war to obtain what the people of that era wanted. By today's standards the destruction of gun was minimal so war w as used to obtain political objectives. The next real step in the evolution of the gun came during the Civil War. Rifles were invented that ... ... capable of killing in small numbers. Now, however, they are able to destroy whole buildings. Politicians can and do use the power of the gun to force others to do what they want. Guns have become such an effective killing machine that they can kill anyone anywhere at anytime and, to fulfill any political cause. Â   Works Cited * Hogg, Ian. The Story of the Gun. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996. * Lavarone, Mike. "Armory." http://www.worldwar1.com/arm005.htm. July 1997. * "New Guns and Gear for '98." American Rifleman. May 1998: 38-41 an 62-63. * Professional Web Designs. "Guns." http://www.usscod.org/gun.html. December 1997. * "Tank Weapons Gunnery Simulation System/Precision Gunnery System." http://www.stricom.army.mil/PRODUCTS/TWGSS-PGS. April 1998. * "WWII Battleship Gun Data." http://www.uss-salem.org/navhist/battleships/guns.html. April 1998.

Questions in a Little Dark Corner

â€Å"Who are you? Is this me? Why can't I recognize myself?† those questions have always been around me in the pass few years that I have hided myself in a little dark corner. I have asked the same questions to myself over and over again, but when can I get an answer? I've only got more and more questions come out through my mind. I don't know where they came from, I don't what to say, and I don't know what to do, but cry, in a little dark corner. I started to ask those questions when I came to America. I don't know why, but I do know this have never happened to me before. Back in Taiwan, I was known as a cute little girl that likes to play a lot, many adult loves me by make them happy. I know I have come from a beautiful little island, which we all called Taiwan. I never thought about going anywhere outside of this country, until my father has already decided to start a new adventure at America. He thinks this is a good opportunity for us to see outside of the world, and learn something new form the out side world. But are you sure this is a right thing to do? Nobody knows, not even myself. Socratic Seminar Questions I have no idea what's like to be apart from my country, I just know I'm following my dad's order, and go on to the airplane just as he tell me to. I only know few words in English, like â€Å"hello† and â€Å"good bye†, or the most important one â€Å"bathroom†. I still remember when we came down from the airplane, we were lost in the airport, since my older sister have the best English out of all of us, my father tried to convince her to ask direction for us, but still she is also have never talk to any American before, therefore we are all dislike to talk to anyone. But we still need direction for our way out, and then we have the idea to use paper-rock-scissor to decide who will be the one asking direction for us. This â€Å"paper-rock-scissor† thing has happen through out the whole first year that we came to America. Even we have already been practiced talking to native speakers, I don't know why I still didn't see any improvement of my English skill, and I'm the only one still on the same spot as I came to America. I have never liked to talk to any American; I know if I don't talk my English skill will never get better, but what can I do? I can't, just can't, I'm afraid to make any mistakes or see other people make joke out of me, I don't want to make fun of myself and let people laugh at my face. I don't know what to do, what can I do? At the school, because of my â€Å"afraid†, I didn't talk to any other students; therefore I didn't have any friend. Everyone think I'm weird, no one likes to talk to me, and there are even have some classmate thought I'm one of the â€Å"special kid†; they don't like me, and I don't like them, I'm all alone. But is this what I really want? No, I do not want my life continue like this. I want to make some friends, be part of them, have some laugh with, and be happy. Don't walk away from me, don't turn your face away, look at me and talk to me, be friend with me, but how? I keep asking myself to speak, to talk, just open my mouth, but why can't I do it? Why? I ask myself in a dark corner. After one year, when I know we are moving, and I was going to transfer to another school, I was so happy; I thought I can make up my stupid mistake, and make some friends this time. By the time before the first day to my new school, I was teaching myself how to introduce myself to other classmates in front of my bathroom mirror, think that I can actually make some friend on my own. I was very happy; I thought I don't need my little corner any more. But I was wrong. I didn't make up any of my mistakes, I have done it again. When I saw other students came to me, my mouth immediately closed up, and I only stand there and watch them walk pass through me one by one. I hate myself, hate that couldn't speak, hate why can't I just do it, and make some friends. I'm back in the little dark corner, I said to myself everyday, to talk, to speak, to make friend, but I never did it, I can't, not even I wanted to, my mouth just won't work. What can I do? I keep asking myself the same question again and again. Two years have passed my sister and my brother has getting better and butter in English, and they have make all kinds of friends, only I haven't change much, and still no friend for me. High school is getting closer and closer, only few mouth left, I know what I need to do, I know what I should do, but can I do it? I keep practicing my little speech to myself, will I make friends? Will I open my mouth? I don't know, but I will try. I will try anything to get out of the little dark corner. Now I'm a high school student, the little dark corner is getting smaller and smaller; I have friends now, and I even have by â€Å"BFF†, and I'll continue to make more friends. I do not need my corner anymore. But still, I will like to become more open like what I use to be, the happy little girl who always have a nice smile on the face, and make everyone laugh all the time. Even I'm not a little girl anymore, to be happy or sad, I'm still me, I may change over time, but I am still here. This is the new me, to get stronger and stronger, to help other get out of the little dark corner.

How to Become a Successful Entrepreneur

Table of Contents Introduction Generally people think that an entrepreneur is a visionary, somebody with great ideas who is eager to take huge risks. However having a radical innovation from the nothing is overwhelming but very rare. To be successful, it is essential to think differently from the casual thinkers. The aim of this paper is to show how we, a study group of five students could come up with an idea in an entrepreneurial way and go through an elaboration process toward the realization using the theoretical frameworks.In the first part I will describe how my group went through the idea generating process and found the idea of the CPH Bike SOS with the help of the Design Thinking Method. Our multilateral service invention has three pillars, each of them with the aim to answer the question: Where can we get help if we have any problem with our bike when the shops are closed? Living in Copenhagen, we have realized that there is a market gap on the service market of the bike sh ops. On the other hand, looking at the market segment, we are sure, that there is an unsatisfied need.The second part of the paper will focus on the theoretical framework of the dea. I will define the type of our innovation, after which I will decide about the type of the firm we should start to realize the idea, and then the focus will move to the needed resources and collaborations we need to get the idea off to the market. At the end of my work, I will take a glance on what kind of the type of possibilities we have to be successful in the future and how to develop the idea further. Generating ideas In this chapter I would like to describe our process of generating the idea.It is a really important part of the task we were working on, since it explains how our group ent through a progress from the casual reasoning to the effectual reasoning and so thinking on a more entrepreneurial way. In my team we are five girls, each of us are foreigners here in Denmark, and we have quite diff erent backgrounds. We had some difficulties to find a creative idea to work on. On one hand the problem was the fact that we did not know each other before, so there was an initial phase of trust- building. We had to familiarize with the situation to debate on each other's ideas.On the other hand, we realised that when we had an idea which was a direct solution to ome problems and so Just the final step of an entire process. So we started the process again and again to get back to thinking â€Å"out of the box†. As point of departure we used the method implemented by IDEO. (Figure 1) : Figure : Design Thinking Model of IDEO (Source of Image) Inspiration – What is the problem? In the inspiration phase, we wanted to find as many ideas as we could, to have a wider range. As mentioned, we did not know each other, and we did not know what could be the common interests, experience or problems.We used the â€Å"Bird In The Hand† Principle to look into the facts what we have right there. As Sarasvathy sums it up, instead of having one solution and finding the way to reach it, we should take a step back and define the means which can lead us to a good opportunity. So the first step was defining the framework in which we are searching for possibilities with the following three questions: â€Å"Who are we? † We started to look through the features which describe us and so along which we can find some problems we all have in common.As long as we are all foreigners, our biggest issues are around living without the familiar things that we were surrounded by every day and getting used to a new way of living. We live here without our families, we had to arrange housing for ourselves, we are getting accustomed to biking every day. On the other hand we are students, spending time on studying, we all have a limited budget, then we are all girls who love fashion, we cook for ourselves, do groceries, we listen to music and go out, etc. Without knowing e ach other we succeeded to find numerous common topics as a good initial. What do we We study together but our previous education is different. One part of the group studied international business so that part of the group has a more business riented point of view, while the other part of the group has a more design oriented education. Most of us have lived in different countries other than our home country, so we have insight to different systems. We also have working experience that helped us in having an insight of the companies. â€Å"Whom do we know? † With this question, as Sarasvathy suggests, we have to define the sources of our knowledge, such as our social and professional networks.When an issue was considered, we defined the relative groups we can have any information from. It is important to take any stakeholder into consideration, as long as good ideas can come rom the most unexpected sources. With all these given means we defined some of the problems, interests a nd difficulties that we are currently facing in common. In the framework of's model of Entrepreneurial Thinking – Effectual Reasoning, we defined different issues on the basis of the given means described above, for which there is no satisfying solution on the market.On Figure 2 1 would like to provide some examples to our process of using the method of the â€Å"Bird in the Hand† Principle. Figure : Entrepreneurial thinking – Pool of ideas (Source: Sarasvathy, 2001) At this oint of the idea generation we had to choose one among the several given. To choose one, we started brainstorming whether we have any idea for a solution or not. So this is the second big step of the idea creation in the Design Thinking Model. Ideation – â€Å"How might we solve the problem? As long as we did not want to limit ourselves, we started to search for solution for many problems we have found. From the most unusual till the most ordinary idea, we collected everything, becau se even bad ideas can be the source of some really good solutions. On Figure 3 1 snow some imagined ends ot the problems. Figure : Using Entrepreneurial Thinking – Effectual Reasoning for creating the idea (source of image: Sarasvathy, 2001) Finally we sticked to the idea of finding a solution to an everyday problem: Where can we get help if we have any problem with our bike, when the bike shops are closed?We found this problem interesting as long as we all have bikes, and some of us have already experienced how it is when you need some help and nothing is open. Moreover, biking concerns not only us but the major part of the habitants of Copenhagen. According to the Bicycle Account 2012, 75 % of Copenhageners use their bike throughout the year. Another surprising statistics is that 36 % of everyone who studies or works here uses the bike every day. So with a solution to the question above, we can say, that we would reach the major part of the Danish capital.Biking has statist ically measured benefits both for us and for the environment. For instance, as the research shows, at present rate 90,000 T of C02 per year saved by cycling in Copenhagen. Then, according to the 56% of the Copenhageners, it is faster than any other way of travelling since we do not stuck in a traffic Jam and we can easily find short-cuts. It is definitely healthier too. But it can cause some inconvenience as well as delays respecting to our schedule, in case of problems. For example what if you get a puncture going back home by night?

A Mothers Fight with Cancer essays

A Mother's Fight with Cancer essays My mother has always been the back bone of our family. Many times if it was not for her sometimes I do not believe we would have survived. In the beginning of 2008, my mother begin to have monthly check-ups due to her thyroid. She usually went to our usual family Doctor named Dr. Campbell. Dr. Campbell did his usual routine when checking for thyroids, but this time while checking my mother he came across two large masses in her belly. Dr. Campbell immediately he knew that it was not normal, so referred my mother to a doctor named Dr. Johnny who is an oncologist. My mother went to Dr. Johnny who told her he wanted to immediately remove the two masses because they could be cancerous tumors, which is life threatening. On March 12, 2008 at 8:00 A.M., my mother went under the knife to have the two massive tumors removed. Around 12:00 noon, she came out of surgery successful. Dr. Johnny explained to my family and I that he was going to send the tumors off to a cancer center to be Check for cancer and other diseases. Though my mother had twenty-five staples from her breast area to her vagina, she survived the big part. Now my family and I waited to see how the next couple of weeks would go. My mother had to stay in the hospital for six long days. It was so hard seeing her lay there helplessly because I had never seen her in a situation like this before. I had so much on my plate at this moment. I went home every night worrying about my mother, so around this time in my life it was pretty hard for me to focus on my school work, after school activities, and Once my mother got home things became easier. She still had trouble getting off and on the bed, digesting food, and using the restroom but we looked to the Lord and gave him praise for allowing her to pull through in a situation like this. She went back to Dr. Johnny on May 12, 2008 and he diagnosed her with colon cancer. My mother deci...

Simplest Formula From Percent Composition

Simplest Formula From Percent Composition This is a worked example chemistry problem to calculate the simplest formula from the percent composition. Simplest Formula from Percent Composition Problem Vitamin C contains three elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Analysis of pure vitamin C indicates that the elements are present in the following mass percentages: C 40.9H 4.58O 54.5 Use the data to determine the simplest formula for vitamin C. Solution We want to find the number of moles of each element in order to determine the ratios of the elements and the formula. To make the calculation easy (i.e., let the percentages convert directly to grams), lets assume we have 100 g of vitamin C. If you are given mass percentages, always work with a hypothetical 100-gram sample. In a 100 gram sample, there are 40.9 g C, 4.58 g H, and 54.5 g O. Now, look up the atomic masses for the elements from the Periodic Table. The atomic masses are found to be: H is 1.01C is 12.01O is 16.00 The atomic masses provide a moles-per-gram conversion factor. Using the conversion factor, we can calculate the moles of each element: moles C 40.9 g C x 1 mol C / 12.01 g C 3.41 mol Cmoles H 4.58 g H x 1 mol H / 1.01 g H 4.53 mol Hmoles O 54.5 g O x 1 mol O / 16.00 g O 3.41 mol O The numbers of moles of each element are in the same ratio as the number of atoms C, H, and O in vitamin C. To find the simplest whole number ratio, divide each number by the smallest number of moles: C: 3.41 / 3.41 1.00H: 4.53 / 3.41 1.33O: 3.41 / 3.41 1.00 The ratios indicate that for every one carbon atom there is one oxygen atom. Also, there are 1.33 4/3 hydrogen atoms. (Note: converting the decimal to a fraction is a matter of practice! You know the elements must be present in whole number ratios, so look for common fractions and become familiar with the decimal equivalents for fractions so you can recognize them.) Another way to express the atom ratio is to write it as 1 C : 4/3 H : 1 O. Multiply by three to obtain the smallest whole-number ratio, which is 3 C: 4 H : 3 O. Thus, the simplest formula of vitamin C is C3H4O3. Answer C3H4O3 Second Example This is another  worked example chemistry problem to calculate the simplest formula from the percent composition. Problem The mineral cassiterite is a compound of tin and oxygen. Chemical analysis of cassiterite shows that the mass percentages of tin and oxygen are 78.8 and 21.2, respectively. Determine the formula of this compound. Solution We want to find the number of moles of each element in order to determine the ratios of the elements and the formula. To make the calculation easy (i.e., let the percentages convert directly to grams), lets assume we have 100 g of cassiterite. In a 100 gram sample, there are 78.8 g Sn and 21.2 g O. Now, look up the atomic masses for the elements from the  Periodic Table. The atomic masses are found to be: Sn is 118.7O is 16.00 The atomic masses provide  a moles-per-gram conversion factor. Using the conversion factor, we can calculate the moles of each element: moles Sn 78.8 g Sn x 1 mol Sn / 118.7 g Sn 0.664 mol Snmoles O 21.2 g O x 1 mol O / 16.00 g O 1.33 mol O The numbers of moles of each element are in the same ratio as the number of atoms Sn and O in cassiterite. To find the simplest whole number ratio, divide each number by the smallest number of moles: Sn: 0.664 / 0.664 1.00O: 1.33 / 0.664 2.00 The ratios indicate that there is one  tin atom for every two  oxygen atoms. Thus, the  simplest formula  of cassiterite is SnO2. Answer SnO2

Assignment DECISION CASE ANALYSIS Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assignment DECISION CASE ANALYSIS - Coursework Example Later in 193 AD, the whole of Roman Empire was put for auction by the Praetorian Guard. In 18th century, there was an auction that was carried out in Taverns and coffeehouses where it was used to sell art. In around 1990s, there emerged the first internet- based auction materials and in the mid-1995, Glen Meakem, who was McKinsey consultant, started Free Markets. In the year 2004, Ariba did the purchase of Free Market and by today very many companies offer various types of bids including a reverse auction (Cogswell, 2004). He procurement process follows a cycle that begins with preparation, negotiation, and lastly implementation process. The development process in e- auction is longer than it is in face to face negotiation. Here, there are tight conditions, and everything is restricted on the supplier who only negotiates on the price. Furthermore, e- auction involves negotiation of several suppliers; therefore there are a lot of energies invested at the preparation level. However, on es the supplier has gotten into the system, the subsequent years do not require a lot of time for preparation. The second process requires negotiation, at such a point there is extreme talk, and many suppliers negotiate within a given timescales. As they negotiate the price of the good or the serviced decrease such that by the time are done the price is favorable to the buyers who will be willing to choose the price that fits them. The last process that is implementation is based on the company; it should be done in a straightforward and transparent way that favors both the supplier and the buyer (Cogswell, 2004). The Market Dojo finds it so challenging entering into an e- sourcing space where there are bigger companies such as Oracle, SAP and Ariba already offering excellent services to the customers (Testa, 2009). Market Dojo strives to have a share of the market with these well- established companies by taking advantage of the

Community changes Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community changes - Scholarship Essay Example was doing a random selection on people who will be given authorization to make changes in our community, I immediately saw this as an opportunity to make a difference. If I were to propose three things that I would promote to achieve a positive change in my community, it would be: First, to provide for the needs of the community, such as feeding the hungry, giving poor families a comfortable place to live in, impart to them the knowledge and skills for livelihood, educate the uneducated, and to give the elderly proper care and attention. I propose these projects that would satisfy every level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem, & self-actualization, because I believe that when all is gratified, it is when a person would be most productive and motivated, the key to a prosperous society (Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, n.d.). Second, I would want to set a monthly awareness talks and seminars for the community to participate in. Topics of the talks or seminars would involve how to be a socially responsible neighbor & how to be environmental-friendly in one’s community, and at the same time involve activities that will allow households in a certain neighborhood to get to know each other and learn from each other. This is because I believe that a neighborhood’s health affects individual lives (Neighbourhood Effects | Seminars, n.d.). With this said, to be able to enrich the quality of life in a certain community, it is best to instill positive values within them so as to promote cooperation, integrity, friendliness and good will. We all know that a lot of conflicts we now face in society are caused by indifference, selfishness and abuse towards other people. Thus, if I would be able to develop positive values in a small group of society such as the neighborhood, it would definitely help achiev e a peaceful society in the future. Third, I would want to promote a healthy and active lifestyle which would not only benefit the specific